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deploy.sh
picolist
picolist.log
*.pico
.gitdist
picolist-*
Makefile

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picolist: Minimal mailing list and newsletter.
Copyright (C) 2017 Alexander Weinhold
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the following applies:
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
the Free Software Foundation.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

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picolist
========
picolist provides the bare essentials of mailing list and newsletter functionality.
It provides an easy way to set up a mail reflector. It does not provide mailing list management, archiving or moderation.
build
-----
You need to have Go installed. You can then build the executable with 'go build picolist.go' or 'make'.
basic setup
-----------
picolist receives mails on standard input and deletes the first line, which is assumed to be an envelope header from your MTA. It then calls the sendmail command provided by sendmail, qmail, postfix and similar to forward them to list members. List members are defined by 'list'@'domain'.pico files in the executable's directory.
You have to configure your mail transfer agent to pipe incoming mails for a list address to picolist with the appropriate flags. Errors are logged to
picolist.log in the executable's directory. picolist does not provide log
rotation.
member files
------------
Member files consist of email addresses, one per line. Only bare email addresses
without display names are supported. The file may contain empty lines or
comments beginning with a hash ('#').
example:
```
foo@bar.com
spam@eggs.org
#comment
horst@host.com
```
flags
------
You HAVE to provide --list and --domain as strings to picolist. The full
list address is assumed to be 'list'@'domain'. picolist will also set a return
path to 'list'-bounces@'domain', so you should set up an alias for that address in your MTA configuration.
You MAY also provide additional flags, in particular:
* maxsize NUM: change the max size of forwarded emails (default: 6MB)
* open: allow anyone to post to this mailing list (default: members-only)
* newsletter: newsletter mode (few-to-many reflection, implies "not open" and an owner file in 'list'@'domain'.pico.owners)
* debug: also log normal operation (default: only errors)
* sendmail: path to sendmail (default /usr/sbin/sendmail)
Postfix setup
-------------
Assuming you have configured postfix to use an alias.db, edit your /etc/aliases and add one pipe alias for your mailing list.
```
thelist: "|/path/to/picolist --list thelist --domain example.com"
```
Run 'newaliases'.
Then change /etc/postfix/aliases to use the pipe alias and also add a bounce alias:
```
thelist@example.com thelist
thelist-bounces@example.com your-trouble-mail@example.com
```
Run 'postmap aliases' and 'postfix reload'. Postfix runs picolist as user 'nobody', so the binary file has to be executable by 'nobody', picolist.log has to be writeable and the member files have to be readable.
In 2017/2018/2019, really?
----------------
Yes. If you know of another way to communicate which does not bind you to
one particular company and which is not an isolated/uncommon solution, write me a mail.

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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
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License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
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Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
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NO WARRANTY
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FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
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convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License.

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package main
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"errors"
"flag"
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"net/mail"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"time"
)
const (
sendmailPathDefault = "/usr/sbin/sendmail"
defaultMaxSize = 6 * 1024 * 1024 // Bytes
explDomain = "the domain of your mail server (used for List-Id)"
explName = "name of list (used for List-Id)"
explMaxsize = "max valid size of received mail (bytes)"
explOpen = "allow non-members to post to the list"
explNewsletter = "newsletter mode (few-to-many, implies \"not open\" and an owner file in 'list'@'domain'.pico.owners)"
explDebug = "log even successful execution"
explSendmail = "path to sendmail"
program = "picolist"
maxRcpts = 50
logFile = "picolist.log"
)
type flags struct {
domain string
name string
maxsize int64
open bool
newsletter bool
}
func (f flags) listname() string {
return f.name + "@" + f.domain
}
func (f flags) returnPath() string {
return f.name + "-bounces" + "@" + f.domain
}
func parseFlags() flags {
domain := flag.String("domain", "", explDomain)
name := flag.String("list", "", explName)
maxsize := flag.Int("maxsize", defaultMaxSize, explMaxsize)
open := flag.Bool("open", false, explOpen)
newsletter := flag.Bool("newsletter", false, explNewsletter)
tmpDebug := flag.Bool("debug", false, explDebug)
tmpSendmail := flag.String("sendmail", sendmailPathDefault, explSendmail)
flag.Parse()
if *domain == "" || *name == "" {
log(nil, "Wrong usage")
}
debug = *tmpDebug
sendmailPath = *tmpSendmail
return flags{domain: *domain, name: *name, maxsize: int64(*maxsize), open: *open, newsletter: *newsletter}
}
func loadMembers(listname string) (hashset, error) {
return readAddressFile(recipientFile(listname))
}
func loadOwners(listname string, f flags, members hashset) (hashset, error) {
if f.newsletter {
return readAddressFile(ownerFile(listname))
} else {
return members, nil
}
}
func originator(mail *mail.Message) (string, error) {
header := mail.Header
if sender, ok := header["Sender"]; ok && len(sender) == 1 {
return parseAddress(sender[0])
} else {
if from, ok := header["From"]; ok && len(from) == 1 {
return parseAddress(from[0])
} else {
return "", err("malformed message as per RFC 5322 section-3.6.2, originator unclear", nil)
}
}
}
func isAllowed(mail *mail.Message, f flags, owners hashset) (bool, error) {
if !f.newsletter && f.open {
return true, nil
}
orig, err := originator(mail)
if err != nil {
return false, err
}
return owners.contains(orig), nil
}
func setHeaderFields(mail *mail.Message, listname string, f flags) {
sender := f.returnPath()
mail.Header["Precedence"] = []string{"list"}
mail.Header["Sender"] = []string{"<" + sender + ">"}
mail.Header["Errors-To"] = []string{sender}
mail.Header["List-Id"] = []string{"<" + listname + ">"}
if !f.newsletter {
mail.Header["List-Post"] = []string{"<mailto:" + listname + ">"}
}
}
func recipients(members hashset) ([]bulkRecipients, error) {
rcpts := members.elements()
return splitRecipients(rcpts), nil
}
func sendmail(original *mail.Message, mail string, returnPath string, recps string) error {
if debug {
log(original, sendmailPath+" -f "+returnPath+" "+recps+"\n")
}
cmd := exec.Command(sendmailPath, "-f "+returnPath, recps)
cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader(mail)
e := cmd.Run()
if e != nil {
return err("error on call to sendmail", e)
}
return nil
}
func forward(mail *mail.Message, returnPath string, members hashset) []error {
errs := []error{}
var err error
flatmail := asText(mail)
rcpts, err := recipients(members)
errs = appendErr(errs, err)
if len(errs) > 0 {
return errs
}
for _, bulk := range rcpts {
err = sendmail(mail, flatmail, returnPath, bulk.String())
errs = appendErr(errs, err)
}
return errs
}
func readMail(maxsize int64) (*mail.Message, error) {
var m *mail.Message
var e error
reader := bufio.NewReader(io.LimitReader(os.Stdin, maxsize))
// discard first line (envelope header from MTA)
_, e = reader.ReadBytes('\n')
if e == nil {
m, e = mail.ReadMessage(reader)
}
if e != nil {
return nil, err("could not read mail from stdin", e)
}
return m, e
}
func spreadMessage(f flags) {
listname := f.listname()
mail, e := readMail(f.maxsize)
optLogFatal(mail, e)
members, e := loadMembers(listname)
optLogFatal(mail, e)
owners, e := loadOwners(listname, f, members)
optLogFatal(mail, e)
allowed, e := isAllowed(mail, f, owners)
optLogFatal(mail, e)
returnPath := f.returnPath()
if allowed {
setHeaderFields(mail, listname, f)
errs := forward(mail, returnPath, members)
optLogAll(mail, errs)
} else if !f.newsletter {
log(mail, "not allowed to post to "+listname)
}
}
func main() {
exePath = filepath.Dir(os.Args[0])
flags := parseFlags()
spreadMessage(flags)
}
//
/*--------- helpers ---------*/
//
var exePath string
var debug bool
var sendmailPath string
func err(msg string, e error) error {
if e != nil {
msg += " - " + e.Error()
}
return errors.New(msg)
}
func appendErr(errs []error, e error) []error {
if e != nil {
errs = append(errs, e)
}
return errs
}
type hashset map[string]interface{}
func makeHashset() hashset {
return make(map[string]interface{})
}
func (s hashset) add(member string) error {
if s == nil {
return err("uninitialized hashset", nil)
}
s[member] = nil
return nil
}
func (s hashset) contains(member string) bool {
if s == nil {
return false
}
if _, ok := s[member]; ok {
return true
} else {
return false
}
}
func (set hashset) elements() []string {
keys := []string{}
for k, _ := range set {
keys = append(keys, k)
}
return keys
}
var logfile *os.File
func fullPath(file string) string {
return filepath.Join(exePath, file)
}
func ensureLogfile() bool {
if logfile == nil {
flags := os.O_APPEND | os.O_CREATE | os.O_WRONLY
logfile, _ = os.OpenFile(fullPath(logFile), flags, 0644)
if logfile == nil {
return false
}
}
return true
}
func log(mail *mail.Message, s string) {
if !ensureLogfile() {
// be quietly sad
return
}
if mail != nil {
header := mail.Header
from := header.Get("From")
to := header.Get("To")
subject := header.Get("Subject")
fmt.Fprintf(logfile, "%v FROM=%s TO=%s SUBJECT=%s -> %s\n", time.Now(), from, to, subject, s)
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(logfile, "%s%s", s, "\n")
}
}
func optLogFatal(mail *mail.Message, err error) {
if err != nil {
log(mail, err.Error())
// don't complain to the caller
// so that we don't accidentally spill
// information
os.Exit(0)
}
}
func optLogAll(mail *mail.Message, errs []error) {
for _, err := range errs {
log(mail, err.Error())
}
}
func recipientFile(listname string) string {
return fullPath(listname + ".pico")
}
func ownerFile(listname string) string {
return recipientFile(listname) + ".owners"
}
func readAddressFile(filename string) (hashset, error) {
addrs := makeHashset()
addrFile, e := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
if e != nil {
return addrs, err("could not read address file "+filename, e)
}
tmpAddrs := strings.Split(string(addrFile), "\n")
for _, addr := range tmpAddrs {
addr = strings.TrimSpace(addr)
if addr != "" && !strings.HasPrefix(addr, "#") {
addrs.add(addr)
}
}
return addrs, nil
}
func writeHeader(buf *bytes.Buffer, key string, value string) {
if buf == nil {
return
}
buf.WriteString(key)
buf.WriteString(": ")
buf.WriteString(value)
buf.WriteString("\r\n")
}
func asText(mail *mail.Message) string {
if mail == nil {
return ""
}
var buf bytes.Buffer
header := mail.Header
for key, values := range header {
if key == "Received" {
for _, rcv := range values {
writeHeader(&buf, key, rcv)
}
} else {
writeHeader(&buf, key, strings.Join(values, ","))
}
}
buf.WriteString("\r\n")
buf.ReadFrom(mail.Body)
s := buf.String()
if debug {
log(nil, s)
}
return s
}
func parseAddress(s string) (string, error) {
addr, e := mail.ParseAddress(s)
if e != nil {
return "", err("could not parse originator address"+s, e)
} else {
return addr.Address, nil
}
}
type bulkRecipients []string
func (rcpts bulkRecipients) String() string {
return strings.Join([]string(rcpts), " ")
}
func splitRecipients(rcpts []string) []bulkRecipients {
all := []bulkRecipients{}
bulkRcpts := bulkRecipients([]string{})
for i := range rcpts {
bulkRcpts = append(bulkRcpts, rcpts[i])
if len(bulkRcpts)%maxRcpts == 0 || i == len(rcpts)-1 {
all = append(all, bulkRcpts)
bulkRcpts = []string{}
}
}
return all
}