golang-freetype/truetype/face.go
Nigel Tao 62e59645ee Quantize sub-pixel glyph rendering.
This is in anticipation of caching glyph images. Quantization means that cache
hits are more likely.

Also make NewFace take an *Options instead of an Options.
2015-08-25 22:34:31 +10:00

367 lines
10 KiB
Go

// Copyright 2015 The Freetype-Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by your choice of either the
// FreeType License or the GNU General Public License version 2 (or
// any later version), both of which can be found in the LICENSE file.
package truetype
import (
"image"
"github.com/golang/freetype/raster"
"golang.org/x/exp/shiny/font"
"golang.org/x/image/math/fixed"
)
// Options are optional arguments to NewFace.
type Options struct {
// Size is the font size in points, as in "a 10 point font size".
//
// A zero value means to use a 12 point font size.
Size float64
// DPI is the dots-per-inch resolution.
//
// A zero value means to use 72 DPI.
DPI float64
// Hinting is how to quantize the glyph nodes.
//
// A zero value means to use no hinting.
Hinting font.Hinting
// SubPixelsX is the number of sub-pixel locations a glyph's dot is
// quantized to, in the horizontal direction. For example, a value of 8
// means that the dot is quantized to 1/8th of a pixel. This quantization
// only affects the glyph mask image, not its bounding box or advance
// width. A higher value gives a more faithful glyph image, but reduces the
// effectiveness of the glyph cache.
//
// It must be a power of 2, and be between 1 and 64 inclusive.
//
// A zero value means to use 4 sub-pixel locations.
SubPixelsX int
// SubPixelsY is the number of sub-pixel locations a glyph's dot is
// quantized to, in the vertical direction. For example, a value of 8
// means that the dot is quantized to 1/8th of a pixel. This quantization
// only affects the glyph mask image, not its bounding box or advance
// width. A higher value gives a more faithful glyph image, but reduces the
// effectiveness of the glyph cache.
//
// It must be a power of 2, and be between 1 and 64 inclusive.
//
// A zero value means to use 1 sub-pixel location.
SubPixelsY int
}
func (o *Options) size() float64 {
if o != nil && o.Size > 0 {
return o.Size
}
return 12
}
func (o *Options) dpi() float64 {
if o != nil && o.DPI > 0 {
return o.DPI
}
return 72
}
func (o *Options) hinting() font.Hinting {
if o != nil {
switch o.Hinting {
case font.HintingVertical, font.HintingFull:
// TODO: support vertical hinting.
return font.HintingFull
}
}
return font.HintingNone
}
func (o *Options) subPixelsX() (halfQuantum, mask fixed.Int26_6) {
if o != nil {
switch o.SubPixelsX {
case 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64:
return subPixels(o.SubPixelsX)
}
}
// This default value of 4 isn't based on anything scientific, merely as
// small a number as possible that looks almost as good as no quantization,
// or returning subPixels(64).
return subPixels(4)
}
func (o *Options) subPixelsY() (halfQuantum, mask fixed.Int26_6) {
if o != nil {
switch o.SubPixelsX {
case 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64:
return subPixels(o.SubPixelsX)
}
}
// This default value of 1 isn't based on anything scientific, merely that
// vertical sub-pixel glyph rendering is pretty rare. Baseline locations
// can usually afford to snap to the pixel grid, so the vertical direction
// doesn't have the deal with the horizontal's fractional advance widths.
return subPixels(1)
}
// subPixels returns the bias and mask that leads to q quantized sub-pixel
// locations per full pixel.
//
// For example, q == 4 leads to a bias of 8 and a mask of 0xfffffff0, or -16,
// because we want to round fractions of fixed.Int26_6 as:
// - 0 to 7 rounds to 0.
// - 8 to 23 rounds to 16.
// - 24 to 39 rounds to 32.
// - 40 to 55 rounds to 48.
// - 56 to 63 rounds to 64.
// which means to add 8 and then bitwise-and with -16, in two's complement
// representation.
//
// When q == 1, we want bias == 32 and mask == -64.
// When q == 2, we want bias == 16 and mask == -32.
// When q == 4, we want bias == 8 and mask == -16.
// ...
// When q == 64, we want bias == 0 and mask == -1. (The no-op case).
// The pattern is clear.
func subPixels(q int) (bias, mask fixed.Int26_6) {
return 32 / fixed.Int26_6(q), -64 / fixed.Int26_6(q)
}
// NewFace returns a new font.Face for the given Font.
func NewFace(f *Font, opts *Options) font.Face {
a := &face{
f: f,
hinting: opts.hinting(),
scale: fixed.Int26_6(0.5 + (opts.size() * opts.dpi() * 64 / 72)),
}
a.subPixelBiasX, a.subPixelMaskX = opts.subPixelsX()
a.subPixelBiasY, a.subPixelMaskY = opts.subPixelsY()
// Set the rasterizer's bounds to be big enough to handle the largest glyph.
b := f.Bounds(a.scale)
xmin := +int(b.XMin) >> 6
ymin := -int(b.YMax) >> 6
xmax := +int(b.XMax+63) >> 6
ymax := -int(b.YMin-63) >> 6
a.maxw = xmax - xmin
a.maxh = ymax - ymin
a.mask = image.NewAlpha(image.Rect(0, 0, a.maxw, a.maxh))
a.r.SetBounds(a.maxw, a.maxh)
a.p = raster.NewAlphaSrcPainter(a.mask)
return a
}
type face struct {
f *Font
hinting font.Hinting
scale fixed.Int26_6
subPixelBiasX fixed.Int26_6
subPixelMaskX fixed.Int26_6
subPixelBiasY fixed.Int26_6
subPixelMaskY fixed.Int26_6
mask *image.Alpha
r raster.Rasterizer
p raster.Painter
maxw int
maxh int
glyphBuf GlyphBuf
// TODO: clip rectangle?
}
// Close satisfies the font.Face interface.
func (a *face) Close() error { return nil }
// Kern satisfies the font.Face interface.
func (a *face) Kern(r0, r1 rune) fixed.Int26_6 {
i0 := a.f.Index(r0)
i1 := a.f.Index(r1)
kern := a.f.Kern(a.scale, i0, i1)
if a.hinting != font.HintingNone {
kern = (kern + 32) &^ 63
}
return kern
}
// Glyph satisfies the font.Face interface.
func (a *face) Glyph(dot fixed.Point26_6, r rune) (
newDot fixed.Point26_6, dr image.Rectangle, mask image.Image, maskp image.Point, ok bool) {
// Quantize to the sub-pixel granularity.
dotX := (dot.X + a.subPixelBiasX) & a.subPixelMaskX
dotY := (dot.Y + a.subPixelBiasY) & a.subPixelMaskY
// Split the coordinates into their integer and fractional parts.
ix, fx := int(dotX>>6), dotX&0x3f
iy, fy := int(dotY>>6), dotY&0x3f
advanceWidth, offset, gw, gh, ok := a.rasterize(a.f.Index(r), fx, fy)
if !ok {
return fixed.Point26_6{}, image.Rectangle{}, nil, image.Point{}, false
}
newDot = fixed.Point26_6{
X: dot.X + advanceWidth,
Y: dot.Y,
}
dr.Min = image.Point{
X: ix + offset.X,
Y: iy + offset.Y,
}
dr.Max = image.Point{
X: dr.Min.X + gw,
Y: dr.Min.Y + gh,
}
return newDot, dr, a.mask, image.Point{}, true
}
func (a *face) GlyphBounds(r rune) (bounds fixed.Rectangle26_6, advance fixed.Int26_6, ok bool) {
if err := a.glyphBuf.Load(a.f, a.scale, a.f.Index(r), a.hinting); err != nil {
return fixed.Rectangle26_6{}, 0, false
}
xmin := +a.glyphBuf.B.XMin
ymin := -a.glyphBuf.B.YMax
xmax := +a.glyphBuf.B.XMax
ymax := -a.glyphBuf.B.YMin
if xmin > xmax || ymin > ymax {
return fixed.Rectangle26_6{}, 0, false
}
return fixed.Rectangle26_6{
Min: fixed.Point26_6{
X: xmin,
Y: ymin,
},
Max: fixed.Point26_6{
X: xmax,
Y: ymax,
},
}, a.glyphBuf.AdvanceWidth, true
}
func (a *face) GlyphAdvance(r rune) (advance fixed.Int26_6, ok bool) {
if err := a.glyphBuf.Load(a.f, a.scale, a.f.Index(r), a.hinting); err != nil {
return 0, false
}
return a.glyphBuf.AdvanceWidth, true
}
// rasterize returns the advance width, integer-pixel offset to render at, and
// the width and height of the given glyph at the given sub-pixel offsets.
//
// The 26.6 fixed point arguments fx and fy must be in the range [0, 1).
func (a *face) rasterize(index Index, fx, fy fixed.Int26_6) (
advanceWidth fixed.Int26_6, offset image.Point, gw int, gh int, ok bool) {
if err := a.glyphBuf.Load(a.f, a.scale, index, a.hinting); err != nil {
return 0, image.Point{}, 0, 0, false
}
// Calculate the integer-pixel bounds for the glyph.
xmin := int(fx+a.glyphBuf.B.XMin) >> 6
ymin := int(fy-a.glyphBuf.B.YMax) >> 6
xmax := int(fx+a.glyphBuf.B.XMax+0x3f) >> 6
ymax := int(fy-a.glyphBuf.B.YMin+0x3f) >> 6
if xmin > xmax || ymin > ymax {
return 0, image.Point{}, 0, 0, false
}
// A TrueType's glyph's nodes can have negative co-ordinates, but the
// rasterizer clips anything left of x=0 or above y=0. xmin and ymin are
// the pixel offsets, based on the font's FUnit metrics, that let a
// negative co-ordinate in TrueType space be non-negative in rasterizer
// space. xmin and ymin are typically <= 0.
fx -= fixed.Int26_6(xmin << 6)
fy -= fixed.Int26_6(ymin << 6)
// Rasterize the glyph's vectors.
a.r.Clear()
clear(a.mask.Pix)
e0 := 0
for _, e1 := range a.glyphBuf.End {
a.drawContour(a.glyphBuf.Point[e0:e1], fx, fy)
e0 = e1
}
a.r.Rasterize(a.p)
return a.glyphBuf.AdvanceWidth, image.Point{xmin, ymin}, xmax - xmin, ymax - ymin, true
}
func clear(pix []byte) {
for i := range pix {
pix[i] = 0
}
}
// drawContour draws the given closed contour with the given offset.
func (a *face) drawContour(ps []Point, dx, dy fixed.Int26_6) {
if len(ps) == 0 {
return
}
// The low bit of each point's Flags value is whether the point is on the
// curve. Truetype fonts only have quadratic Bézier curves, not cubics.
// Thus, two consecutive off-curve points imply an on-curve point in the
// middle of those two.
//
// See http://chanae.walon.org/pub/ttf/ttf_glyphs.htm for more details.
// ps[0] is a truetype.Point measured in FUnits and positive Y going
// upwards. start is the same thing measured in fixed point units and
// positive Y going downwards, and offset by (dx, dy).
start := fixed.Point26_6{
X: dx + ps[0].X,
Y: dy - ps[0].Y,
}
var others []Point
if ps[0].Flags&0x01 != 0 {
others = ps[1:]
} else {
last := fixed.Point26_6{
X: dx + ps[len(ps)-1].X,
Y: dy - ps[len(ps)-1].Y,
}
if ps[len(ps)-1].Flags&0x01 != 0 {
start = last
others = ps[:len(ps)-1]
} else {
start = fixed.Point26_6{
X: (start.X + last.X) / 2,
Y: (start.Y + last.Y) / 2,
}
others = ps
}
}
a.r.Start(start)
q0, on0 := start, true
for _, p := range others {
q := fixed.Point26_6{
X: dx + p.X,
Y: dy - p.Y,
}
on := p.Flags&0x01 != 0
if on {
if on0 {
a.r.Add1(q)
} else {
a.r.Add2(q0, q)
}
} else {
if on0 {
// No-op.
} else {
mid := fixed.Point26_6{
X: (q0.X + q.X) / 2,
Y: (q0.Y + q.Y) / 2,
}
a.r.Add2(q0, mid)
}
}
q0, on0 = q, on
}
// Close the curve.
if on0 {
a.r.Add1(start)
} else {
a.r.Add2(q0, start)
}
}